1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “C” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | April 14 | March 20 | March 15 | March 6 | February 24 | February 17 | February 2 |
| Fall frost on or before | November 3 | November 10 | November 15 | November 21 | December 8 | December 12 | December 19 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 213 | 238 | 246 | 262 | 283 | 292 | 304 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | January 9 – January 23 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | February 6 – February 20 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | February 20 – March 6 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | March 13 – March 27 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | October 10 – October 25 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | November 17 – November 24 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | November 24 – December 22 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:00 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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