1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “C” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | April 20 | April 12 | April 6 | March 29 | March 16 | March 15 | March 4 |
| Fall frost on or before | October 30 | November 4 | November 9 | November 17 | November 23 | November 25 | December 15 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 202 | 224 | 225 | 229 | 244 | 249 | 259 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | January 24 – February 7 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | February 21 – March 7 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | March 7 – March 21 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | March 28 – April 11 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | October 3 – October 18 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | November 10 – November 17 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | November 17 – December 15 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:02 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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