1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “D” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | July 14 | July 12 | July 11 | July 4 | June 27 | June 25 | June 22 |
| Fall frost on or before | July 17 | July 21 | July 22 | July 29 | August 6 | August 17 | August 26 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 4 | 17 | 19 | 28 | 32 | 42 | 58 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | May 7 – May 21 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | June 4 – June 18 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | June 18 – July 2 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | July 9 – July 23 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | June 22 – July 7 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | July 30 – August 6 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | August 6 – September 3 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:08 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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