1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “C” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | July 15 | July 13 | July 7 | July 2 | June 21 | June 19 | June 8 |
| Fall frost on or before | July 16 | July 21 | July 27 | August 1 | August 9 | August 14 | August 24 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 9 | 21 | 24 | 37 | 40 | 44 | 57 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | May 4 – May 18 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | June 1 – June 15 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | June 15 – June 29 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | July 6 – July 20 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | June 18 – July 3 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | July 26 – August 2 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | August 2 – August 30 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:01 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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