1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “C” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | April 9 | March 27 | March 23 | March 13 | March 5 | February 28 | February 16 |
| Fall frost on or before | October 30 | November 8 | November 11 | November 21 | November 26 | December 1 | December 9 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 222 | 231 | 237 | 250 | 258 | 265 | 283 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | January 16 – January 30 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | February 13 – February 27 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | February 27 – March 13 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | March 20 – April 3 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | October 5 – October 20 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | November 12 – November 19 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | November 19 – December 17 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:00 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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