1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “D” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | April 30 | April 24 | April 20 | April 13 | April 5 | April 1 | March 21 |
| Fall frost on or before | October 10 | November 1 | November 4 | November 13 | November 18 | November 23 | December 3 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 166 | 194 | 198 | 212 | 224 | 227 | 252 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | February 8 – February 22 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | March 8 – March 22 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | March 22 – April 5 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | April 12 – April 26 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | September 27 – October 12 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | November 4 – November 11 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | November 11 – December 9 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 19:00 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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