1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “C” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | May 16 | May 7 | May 4 | April 26 | April 18 | April 14 | April 5 |
| Fall frost on or before | October 1 | October 13 | October 15 | October 18 | October 24 | October 28 | November 2 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 148 | 160 | 165 | 173 | 185 | 194 | 216 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | February 17 – March 3 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | March 17 – March 31 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | March 31 – April 14 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | April 21 – May 5 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | September 11 – September 26 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | October 19 – October 26 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | October 26 – November 23 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 18:59 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
OpenCanadaData is independent and is not affiliated with or endorsed by these data publishers. Always check with the official source before you go.