1981–2010 normals; ECCC quality code “D” (A = WMO “3 and 5 rule”; B ≥ 25 years; C ≥ 20 years; D ≥ 15 years of data). An average is not a guarantee: a late frost is still possible.
| 10% | 25% | 33% | 50% | 66% | 75% | 90% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring frost (0 °C or lower) on or after | April 30 | April 19 | April 14 | April 2 | March 24 | March 20 | February 28 |
| Fall frost on or before | October 29 | November 5 | November 9 | November 14 | November 24 | November 29 | December 9 |
| Frost-free period ≤ (days) | 191 | 207 | 211 | 224 | 240 | 249 | 275 |
Example: the spring 10% column is the date after which a frost occurs in only one year in ten.
| Start tomatoes, peppers and eggplant indoors | January 23 – February 6 |
| Sow peas, spinach, lettuce and radish outdoors (frost-tolerant) | February 20 – March 6 |
| Plant potatoes and onion sets | March 6 – March 20 |
| Transplant tomatoes and peppers; sow beans, corn, squash and cucumbers | March 27 – April 10 |
| Last sowing of quick crops (radish, lettuce, spinach) | October 3 – October 18 |
| Harvest or cover frost-tender crops | November 10 – November 17 |
| Plant garlic and spring bulbs | November 17 – December 15 |
General gardening rules of thumb computed from this station's average last/first frost dates; they are not ECCC data. Adjust to local conditions and seed-packet instructions.
Environment and Climate Change Canada — Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 (station data, MSC Datamart) (30-year averages; not updated). Retrieved 2026-10-18 18:58 UTC.
Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada Data Servers End-use Licence.
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